Firearm.



.8. A. MOORE.

FmEAnM.

APPLICATION FILED EEB. l. |915- Patented May 15, 1917.

.1....1 (A 1i w :5,2%: ...E5/...ku

\M\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ M ww. Y

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

R. A.-MOORE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 626.1, 1916.

Patented May 15, 1917 l 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

:e amarres ra erraten ROBERT A. Moonen, or

NEW YORK, N. Y., SSIGNOB TO TEE MOORE RIFLE AND ARMS COMPANY, INC., OFNEW YORK, N. Y.

FIREBM.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

ratemeairay i5, inra.

Application filed February 1, 1916. Serial No. 75,551.

The invention is designed primarily with a view to the simplifying ofthe breech bolt able unloading of the stop mechanism is so set, toenable the mechanism of firearms of the above class so as to reduce to aminimum-the number of parts employed, and also to provide a formation ofsuch parts such as will facilitate the manufacture of the same underpractical commercial conditions.

A special feature of the invention also resides in theA peculiarconstruction of the breech bolt itself and the operating andcontrollingvmeans for the latter by which the bolt is held at specialadjustments incidental to assuming cocked, safety, and fired positions.

Still another Jfeature ot the invention resides in the employment ofpeculiar adjustable stop mechanism for variably limiting the movement ofthe breech bolt, and likewise controlling its removability, the saidvariable movement being utilized for the customary purpose of permittingnormally sufficient movement of the breech bolt to enthe firearm, andwhenever a shell or cartridge to automatic feeding of the magazine otthe the receiver from weapon.

In addition to the foregoing the invention involves other detailfeatures of construction of the firearm including a special ejector forthe spent shells, a peculiar form of bottom closure for the magazine,and other features by way of details of lesser importance, all of whichwill be readily recognized upon reference to the detailed descriptionhereinafter, and to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view showing the generalfeatures of construction and arrangement of the breech bolt mechanism;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken about' on the lin'e 2,2 ofFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the firing pin handle,

' spring 16 which Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken about on the line 4-4of Fig. '2.

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view ofthe breech bolt and associatedparts directly car- `ried thereby.

Fig. 6 'is avfragmentary -sectional view ishowing the locking sleeve inrear end elevaion.

Fig. 7 is a plan view showing more `clearly the formation of therecesses in. they locking Fig. 8 is a detail perspective View of thb lugcarried by the firing pin handle.

In the drawings 1' designates the barrel of the rifle and 2 the usual'receivelLlQCated at the breech end of the barrel and provided at itsside with 'the slot 3 through which the spent cartridge passes whenejected. At its top the receiver which the operator introduces.fresh'l'car- 2 has a slot 4 through tridges one at a time intothebreech,ready to l be carried forward into the barrelmby the subsequent forwardmovement of the breech bolt 5 which slides longitudinally in thereceiver 2 in the well known manner. Beneath the receiver 2 is locateadapted to receive a clip of 'fresh shells or cartridges which areadapted'to be fed upward into the receiver 2. by the usual spring 7 Thebottom of the magazine 5 is formed by means of a closure plate 8 pivotedat 9 to the frame of the breech bolt mechanism and adapted to swinglaterally or in approximately a horizontal plane. The rear end of theclosure plate 8 is notched and adapted to be engaged bya verticallyswinging pivoted catch l() which locks the plate in its closed positiongaged therefrom to permit of lateral opening movement of the plate.

The breech bolt 5 is formed at one side with the lrerf 11 at the frontend of which is located the ejector 12. The ejector 12 is mounted in arecess in the bolt 5 and maintained from displacement by the coss pin13. Said ejector has a projection 12 extending into the lrerf 11.Opposite t9 the" ejector 12, the -bolt 5 has the extractor 14 ,of anyconventipnal construction.n

The firing pin the bolt 5 and its rearextremity is reduced and threadedto receive thereonthe' handle 17. Encircling the tiring pin 15 is thecoil acts to impinge .the pin against the percussion cap of the shell inthe usual way. The handle 17 is a part of the magazine 6 and must bedisen-.

15 is mounted to slide interv iov v a handle member of hollow formation,which handle member has the fixed catch 18 at its lowermost portion, seeFig. 3,said catch coacting with the trigger sear 19 to hold the firingpin in firing or cocked position.

The trigger 2O operates the sear '19 in an.

obvious manner. At its rear end'the bolt 5` carries a tubular extension5 adapted to operate in the hollow portion of the handle 17 and screwedinto the bolt. A locking cylinder 21 is mounted on the member 5intermediate the parts 5 and 17, is thus rotatively supported and haslocking lugs 23 adapted to engage with locking recesses 25 in the breechcylinder 24. The locking sleeve 21 has the loperating lever 22 forrotating it and'for moving the breech bolt 5 into open and closedposition, andotherwise manipulating said bolt. The bolt actionincidentto the operation of the lever 22, broadly speaking, is that commonly em-.ployed, a forward movement of the lever J22 when upraised shifting the4fresh cartridge into the barrel at the breech and a downwardmovement-of the lever rotating the sleeve 21 lockingly engaging the lugs23 in the r\ 'esses,25 of th(J cylinder 24, under which condition thefirearm is ready to be fired.

Then the bolt 5 is drawn rearward carrying with it the handle 17, andsubsequently returned to closed position, the lug 18 is engaged by thesear 19 andthe mem-i" ber'17 withthe firing pin 15 restrained and lockedin cocked position.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the breech bolt is shown in full lines in the positionillustrating the parts after the firing of the cartridge. Peculiar meansis employed to hold the lever 22 in three adjusted positions in relationto the breech bolt and involves the provision of recesses-21a, 21" and21c on the rear end of the locking sleeve 21. With the parts in theposition shown in Figs. `1 and 2, the lever 22 is at the lower limit ofits movement with the breech closed, and the locking projection 18a seenin Fig. 8 is engaged with the recess 21a of the member 21. The recess21, see Figs. 6 and 7, has an inclined wall forming a cam of gradualinclination,

and is sufficiently deep that when the projection` 18u enters saidrecess it is possible for the firing extremity of the pin 15 to engagethe cap of the shell to be fired. By a preliminary upward movement ofthe lever 22 after firing of the weapon, which causes the engagement ofthe projection 18a in the rec'ess 21, the member 17 is cammed rearwardwith the firing pin until the projection 18a is seated in the recess 21bof sleeve 21. The recesses 21b and 21C of the sleeve are more shallowthan the recess 21a lever 22 and the breech bolt, after parti? effected.Movement of the lever 22 upward from the intermediate safety lockedposition abovedescribed is resisted materiallyl owing to the sharpinclination of the cam of one wall of said recess 21". This resistanceformation of the cam is purposely provided so as to make necessary theexertion of considerable pressure upward on the lever 22 in order toshift the lever beyond the safety position. Such pressure when eX-erted, however, will be sufiicient to carry the lever up far enough torotate the sleeve 21 until the projectionl 182l engages in the recess-21c whichestablishes a positive lock between the parts necessitating arearward movement of the lever 22 and firing pin,

`and cocking of the firearm by engagement between the parts 18, 19before the lever 22 may be restored to its normal position with thebreech bolt at closed adjustment.

In addition to the above described coaction between. the parts 18a andthe recess 21C, it is obvious that these portions of the construction ofthe sleeve 21 and handle or hammer 17 afford an interlocking connection18a and the recess 21c keeps the parts 17 and 21 in proper relativepositions when the breech block is thrown back and the member' 21otherw-ise free to shift rotatably on the part 5a.

- To assume the safety position after the weapon is loaded, it is onlynecessary to pull the trigger 20, raise the lever 22 to its intermediatesafety adjustment, and permit the released handle 17 and firing pin tomove forward to the safety position wherein the member 1 8a engages inthe recess 21".

For the purpose of variably limiting the y movement of the bolt 5whereby lesser movement of the same may be controlled for the. unloadingof the firearm through the slot 4,

land a greater movement of the bolt permitted to permit its front end toclear the`magazine 6 and afford automatic loading of the gun, specialstop means are employed. Referring to Figs. 2 and 4 especially, saidstop means Will be seen to consist of the rotative stops 26 and 26a, theends of which are adapted to engage in the kerl' 11 and each of saidends by abutment'with the ejector 12 will limit the rearward openingmovement of the breech bolt. The stops 26 and 26EL are threaded at 27and adapted to be turned to screw in and out for cooperation with theejector 12, (and thus With the bolt 5) by means of suitable thumb pieces28. Then the stop 26"I is in the position shown in Fig. 2 in full lines,the bolt 5 is limited so as to permit hand loading onlythrough the slot4. By turning the member 28 of the stopl 26a to a vertical position (seedotted lines) the inner end of the stop is Withdrawn from the kerf 11and the stop 26 comes into play to permit additional movement of thebolt 5 so that automatic loading from the magazine 6 is obtained. In thelatter adjustment stop 26 engages the ejector 12, of course. 1f desiredto Withdraw the bolt 5 entirely from the breech of the Weapon, the thumbpiece 28 of the stop 26 is turned up causing outward movement ci" thestop, and if the stop 26a has likewise been previously so adjusted, thebolt 5 is free to be removed endwise in the usual Way. Each member 28has a spring pressed pin to enter a recess in the breech and hold thestop against unauthorized movement. lVhen desired to set the gu'n formagazine feed action the thumb-piece 28 of the stop 26 will be turned ahalf revolution to cause its pin ce to engage a recess in the outer endof the stop 26.

The lug 1S on the member 17 is preferably detachably connected theretohaving a dovetail portion 18b adapted to be driven into acorrespondingly shaped groove in the member 17 and the lug thusfrietionallyheld in position. The lug 18 has a tongue 18c engaging in agroove in the underside of the tubular extension 5 of the bolt 5, seeFigs. 6 and 8. rlhis tongue-prevents turning ot' the member 17relatively to the extension 5a.

The member 26 performs the triple function of engaging and actuating theejector 12 for effecting ejecting movement of the rlatter, to variablylimit the movement of the breech bolt 5 and to control the detachabilityof the breech bolt and connected parts from the breech of the weapon.

By reason of the extreme simplicity of the construction of the variousparts of the invention they may'be very readily manufactured, at aminimum degree-of cost and with due allowance for full eiiiciency inpractical operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

l. In a firearm, breech mechanism comprising in combination, a receiver,a breech bolt operating therein, a-tiring pin and its -operating meanscarried by said bolt, trigger controlled catch mechanism for said pin,

an operating and locking lever for said bolt, and means intermediate thelever and the liring pin coperative to hold the lever in a positionmaintaining the bolt in closed position with the ring pin operative, asecond position in which the firing pin is held inoperative, and a thirdposition in which the lever is locked against direct return to normal.

2. In a firearm, breech mechanism comprising in combination, a receiver,a breech bolt operating therein, a firing pin and its operating mea-nscarried by said bolt, trigger controlled catch mechanism for said pin,an operating and locking lever for said bolt, and meansintermediate thelever and the firing pin coperative to hold the lever in a positionmaintaining the bolt in closed position With the firing pin operative,and a second position in which the firing pin is held. inoperative, andto lock the lever whereby to compel cocking movement of the firing pinprevious to return of the lever to normal.

3. In a firearm, breech mechanism comprising in combination, a receiver,a breech bolt operating therein, a iiring pin and its operating meanscarried by said bolt. a handle member on the firing pin, a locking`sleeve on the bolt provided With an operating lever, trigger mechanism,a trigger catch on said handle member, an interlocking meansintermediate the handle member and sleeve for holding the sleeve andlever against unauthorized movement at normal position with the breechclosed, and alsmin a position rendering the firing pin inoperative andto lock the sleeve and lever so as to compel cooking movement of thefiring pin prior to return of the sleeve to normal. 4. In, breechmechanism for irearms, the combination with a sliding breech-belt, of

les

means for variably limiting the movement A of the said bolt comprisingspacet stops having portions adapte-.l to'coact with the bolt, actuatinmembers coperative with said stops to shift the same for said coaction,

. and coacting -means between. said actuating members `tor maintainingthem in predetermlned relation.

5. In breech mechanlsm for firearms, the

combination with a sliding breech-bolt, of'

means for variably limiting the movement 0f the saidbolt comprisingrotative stops having portions adaptedv to coact with the vbolt tovariably limit its movement, a thumbpiece'for actuating each stop, andmeans intermediate thethumb-pieces to hold the l stops againstunauthorized movement.

6. In breech mechanism' for firearms, the combination 'with a slidingbreech bolt, of a receiver in which the bolt operates,- and means todetachably connect the bolt with and to limit its movement in thereceiver 'including stops movable inwardly and out-i395 `Wardly andadpated tostop movement of the bolt, an actuating member to move eachstop `into and out of coperation with respect to the bolt, and means topositively hold each actuating member against unauthorized movement.

' 7. In breech mechanism for rearms, the combination with a slidingbreech-bolt, of a receiver in which the bolt operates, and means todetachably connect the bolt With and to limit its movement in thereceiver including spaced stops coperative with the` bolt to variablylimit its movement, thumbpieces for movnff the stops to cause either tocoact With thelbql out of coperation with the bolt, to variably limitmovement and to permit removal, respectively, of said bolt, and means tohold t, and to shift the stops 1 said actuating members againstunauthor; y

ized movement including a detent on one 23' thumb-piece coperative withthe other thumb-piece. A

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ROBERT A. MOORE.

copie! of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe "Commissioner of Patents, -Walhingtom D. 63';

